ccs-patch/fs/tomoyo_domain.c

/*
 * fs/tomoyo_domain.c
 *
 * Implementation of the Domain-Based Mandatory Access Control.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2005-2008  NTT DATA CORPORATION
 *
 * Version: 1.6.6-pre   2008/12/24
 *
 * This file is applicable to both 2.4.30 and 2.6.11 and later.
 * See README.ccs for ChangeLog.
 *
 */

#include <linux/ccs_common.h>
#include <linux/tomoyo.h>
#include <linux/realpath.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/binfmts.h>
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 5, 0)
#include <linux/namei.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#endif

/* For compatibility with older kernels. */
#ifndef for_each_process
#define for_each_process for_each_task
#endif

/* Variables definitions.*/

/* The initial domain. */
struct domain_info KERNEL_DOMAIN;

/* The list for "struct domain_info". */
LIST1_HEAD(ccs_domain_list);

#ifdef CONFIG_TOMOYO

/* Domain creation lock. */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(ccs_domain_list_lock);

/* Structure for "initialize_domain" and "no_initialize_domain" keyword. */
struct ccs_domain_initializer_entry {
        struct list1_head list;
        const struct ccs_path_info *domainname;    /* This may be NULL */
        const struct ccs_path_info *program;
        bool is_deleted;
        bool is_not;       /* True if this entry is "no_initialize_domain".  */
        bool is_last_name; /* True if the domainname is ccs_get_last_name(). */
};

/* Structure for "keep_domain" and "no_keep_domain" keyword. */
struct ccs_domain_keeper_entry {
        struct list1_head list;
        const struct ccs_path_info *domainname;
        const struct ccs_path_info *program;       /* This may be NULL */
        bool is_deleted;
        bool is_not;       /* True if this entry is "no_keep_domain".        */
        bool is_last_name; /* True if the domainname is ccs_get_last_name(). */
};

/* Structure for "aggregator" keyword. */
struct ccs_aggregator_entry {
        struct list1_head list;
        const struct ccs_path_info *original_name;
        const struct ccs_path_info *aggregated_name;
        bool is_deleted;
};

/* Structure for "alias" keyword. */
struct ccs_alias_entry {
        struct list1_head list;
        const struct ccs_path_info *original_name;
        const struct ccs_path_info *aliased_name;
        bool is_deleted;
};

/**
 * ccs_set_domain_flag - Set or clear domain's attribute flags.
 *
 * @domain:    Pointer to "struct domain_info".
 * @is_delete: True if it is a delete request.
 * @flags:     Flags to set or clear.
 *
 * Returns nothing.
 */
void ccs_set_domain_flag(struct domain_info *domain, const bool is_delete,
                         const u8 flags)
{
        /* We need to serialize because this is bitfield operation. */
        static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lock);
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION START *****/
        spin_lock(&lock);
        if (!is_delete)
                domain->flags |= flags;
        else
                domain->flags &= ~flags;
        spin_unlock(&lock);
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION END *****/
}

/**
 * ccs_get_last_name - Get last component of a domainname.
 *
 * @domain: Pointer to "struct domain_info".
 *
 * Returns the last component of the domainname.
 */
const char *ccs_get_last_name(const struct domain_info *domain)
{
        const char *cp0 = domain->domainname->name;
        const char *cp1 = strrchr(cp0, ' ');
        if (cp1)
                return cp1 + 1;
        return cp0;
}

/**
 * ccs_add_domain_acl - Add the given ACL to the given domain.
 *
 * @domain: Pointer to "struct domain_info". May be NULL.
 * @acl:    Pointer to "struct ccs_acl_info".
 *
 * Returns 0.
 */
int ccs_add_domain_acl(struct domain_info *domain, struct ccs_acl_info *acl)
{
        if (domain) {
                /*
                 * We need to serialize because this function is called by
                 * various update functions.
                 */
                static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lock);
                /***** CRITICAL SECTION START *****/
                spin_lock(&lock);
                list1_add_tail_mb(&acl->list, &domain->acl_info_list);
                spin_unlock(&lock);
                /***** CRITICAL SECTION END *****/
        } else {
                acl->type &= ~ACL_DELETED;
        }
        ccs_update_counter(CCS_UPDATES_COUNTER_DOMAIN_POLICY);
        return 0;
}

/**
 * ccs_del_domain_acl - Delete the given ACL from the domain.
 *
 * @acl: Pointer to "struct ccs_acl_info". May be NULL.
 *
 * Returns 0.
 */
int ccs_del_domain_acl(struct ccs_acl_info *acl)
{
        if (acl)
                acl->type |= ACL_DELETED;
        ccs_update_counter(CCS_UPDATES_COUNTER_DOMAIN_POLICY);
        return 0;
}

/**
 * ccs_audit_execute_handler_log - Audit execute_handler log.
 *
 * @is_default: True if it is "execute_handler" log.
 * @handler:    The realpath of the handler.
 * @bprm:       Pointer to "struct linux_binprm".
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
static int ccs_audit_execute_handler_log(const bool is_default,
                                         const char *handler,
                                         struct linux_binprm *bprm)
{
        struct ccs_request_info r;
        ccs_init_request_info(&r, NULL, CCS_TOMOYO_MAC_FOR_FILE);
        r.bprm = bprm;
        return ccs_write_audit_log(true, &r, "%s %s\n",
                                   is_default ? KEYWORD_EXECUTE_HANDLER :
                                   KEYWORD_DENIED_EXECUTE_HANDLER, handler);
}

/**
 * ccs_audit_domain_creation_log - Audit domain creation log.
 *
 * @domain:  Pointer to "struct domain_info".
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
static int ccs_audit_domain_creation_log(struct domain_info *domain)
{
        struct ccs_request_info r;
        ccs_init_request_info(&r, domain, CCS_TOMOYO_MAC_FOR_FILE);
        return ccs_write_audit_log(false, &r, "use_profile %u\n", r.profile);
}

/* The list for "struct ccs_domain_initializer_entry". */
static LIST1_HEAD(ccs_domain_initializer_list);

/**
 * ccs_update_domain_initializer_entry - Update "struct ccs_domain_initializer_entry" list.
 *
 * @domainname: The name of domain. May be NULL.
 * @program:    The name of program.
 * @is_not:     True if it is "no_initialize_domain" entry.
 * @is_delete:  True if it is a delete request.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
static int ccs_update_domain_initializer_entry(const char *domainname,
                                               const char *program,
                                               const bool is_not,
                                               const bool is_delete)
{
        struct ccs_domain_initializer_entry *new_entry;
        struct ccs_domain_initializer_entry *ptr;
        static DEFINE_MUTEX(lock);
        const struct ccs_path_info *saved_program;
        const struct ccs_path_info *saved_domainname = NULL;
        int error = -ENOMEM;
        bool is_last_name = false;
        if (!ccs_is_correct_path(program, 1, -1, -1, __func__))
                return -EINVAL; /* No patterns allowed. */
        if (domainname) {
                if (!ccs_is_domain_def(domainname) &&
                    ccs_is_correct_path(domainname, 1, -1, -1, __func__))
                        is_last_name = true;
                else if (!ccs_is_correct_domain(domainname, __func__))
                        return -EINVAL;
                saved_domainname = ccs_save_name(domainname);
                if (!saved_domainname)
                        return -ENOMEM;
        }
        saved_program = ccs_save_name(program);
        if (!saved_program)
                return -ENOMEM;
        mutex_lock(&lock);
        list1_for_each_entry(ptr, &ccs_domain_initializer_list, list) {
                if (ptr->is_not != is_not ||
                    ptr->domainname != saved_domainname ||
                    ptr->program != saved_program)
                        continue;
                ptr->is_deleted = is_delete;
                error = 0;
                goto out;
        }
        if (is_delete) {
                error = -ENOENT;
                goto out;
        }
        new_entry = ccs_alloc_element(sizeof(*new_entry));
        if (!new_entry)
                goto out;
        new_entry->domainname = saved_domainname;
        new_entry->program = saved_program;
        new_entry->is_not = is_not;
        new_entry->is_last_name = is_last_name;
        list1_add_tail_mb(&new_entry->list, &ccs_domain_initializer_list);
        error = 0;
 out:
        mutex_unlock(&lock);
        ccs_update_counter(CCS_UPDATES_COUNTER_EXCEPTION_POLICY);
        return error;
}

/**
 * ccs_read_domain_initializer_policy - Read "struct ccs_domain_initializer_entry" list.
 *
 * @head: Pointer to "struct ccs_io_buffer".
 *
 * Returns true on success, false otherwise.
 */
bool ccs_read_domain_initializer_policy(struct ccs_io_buffer *head)
{
        struct list1_head *pos;
        list1_for_each_cookie(pos, head->read_var2,
                              &ccs_domain_initializer_list) {
                const char *no;
                const char *from = "";
                const char *domain = "";
                struct ccs_domain_initializer_entry *ptr;
                ptr = list1_entry(pos, struct ccs_domain_initializer_entry,
                                  list);
                if (ptr->is_deleted)
                        continue;
                no = ptr->is_not ? "no_" : "";
                if (ptr->domainname) {
                        from = " from ";
                        domain = ptr->domainname->name;
                }
                if (!ccs_io_printf(head,
                                   "%s" KEYWORD_INITIALIZE_DOMAIN "%s%s%s\n",
                                   no, ptr->program->name, from, domain))
                        goto out;
        }
        return true;
 out:
        return false;
}

/**
 * ccs_write_domain_initializer_policy - Write "struct ccs_domain_initializer_entry" list.
 *
 * @data:      String to parse.
 * @is_not:    True if it is "no_initialize_domain" entry.
 * @is_delete: True if it is a delete request.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
int ccs_write_domain_initializer_policy(char *data, const bool is_not,
                                        const bool is_delete)
{
        char *cp = strstr(data, " from ");
        if (cp) {
                *cp = '\0';
                return ccs_update_domain_initializer_entry(cp + 6, data,
                                                           is_not, is_delete);
        }
        return ccs_update_domain_initializer_entry(NULL, data, is_not,
                                                   is_delete);
}

/**
 * ccs_is_domain_initializer - Check whether the given program causes domainname reinitialization.
 *
 * @domainname: The name of domain.
 * @program:    The name of program.
 * @last_name:  The last component of @domainname.
 *
 * Returns true if executing @program reinitializes domain transition,
 * false otherwise.
 */
static bool ccs_is_domain_initializer(const struct ccs_path_info *domainname,
                                      const struct ccs_path_info *program,
                                      const struct ccs_path_info *last_name)
{
        struct ccs_domain_initializer_entry *ptr;
        bool flag = false;
        list1_for_each_entry(ptr, &ccs_domain_initializer_list, list) {
                if (ptr->is_deleted)
                        continue;
                if (ptr->domainname) {
                        if (!ptr->is_last_name) {
                                if (ptr->domainname != domainname)
                                        continue;
                        } else {
                                if (ccs_pathcmp(ptr->domainname, last_name))
                                        continue;
                        }
                }
                if (ccs_pathcmp(ptr->program, program))
                        continue;
                if (ptr->is_not)
                        return false;
                flag = true;
        }
        return flag;
}

/* The list for "struct ccs_domain_keeper_entry". */
static LIST1_HEAD(ccs_domain_keeper_list);

/**
 * ccs_update_domain_keeper_entry - Update "struct ccs_domain_keeper_entry" list.
 *
 * @domainname: The name of domain.
 * @program:    The name of program. May be NULL.
 * @is_not:     True if it is "no_keep_domain" entry.
 * @is_delete:  True if it is a delete request.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
static int ccs_update_domain_keeper_entry(const char *domainname,
                                          const char *program,
                                          const bool is_not,
                                          const bool is_delete)
{
        struct ccs_domain_keeper_entry *new_entry;
        struct ccs_domain_keeper_entry *ptr;
        const struct ccs_path_info *saved_domainname;
        const struct ccs_path_info *saved_program = NULL;
        static DEFINE_MUTEX(lock);
        int error = -ENOMEM;
        bool is_last_name = false;
        if (!ccs_is_domain_def(domainname) &&
            ccs_is_correct_path(domainname, 1, -1, -1, __func__))
                is_last_name = true;
        else if (!ccs_is_correct_domain(domainname, __func__))
                return -EINVAL;
        if (program) {
                if (!ccs_is_correct_path(program, 1, -1, -1, __func__))
                        return -EINVAL;
                saved_program = ccs_save_name(program);
                if (!saved_program)
                        return -ENOMEM;
        }
        saved_domainname = ccs_save_name(domainname);
        if (!saved_domainname)
                return -ENOMEM;
        mutex_lock(&lock);
        list1_for_each_entry(ptr, &ccs_domain_keeper_list, list) {
                if (ptr->is_not != is_not ||
                    ptr->domainname != saved_domainname ||
                    ptr->program != saved_program)
                        continue;
                ptr->is_deleted = is_delete;
                error = 0;
                goto out;
        }
        if (is_delete) {
                error = -ENOENT;
                goto out;
        }
        new_entry = ccs_alloc_element(sizeof(*new_entry));
        if (!new_entry)
                goto out;
        new_entry->domainname = saved_domainname;
        new_entry->program = saved_program;
        new_entry->is_not = is_not;
        new_entry->is_last_name = is_last_name;
        list1_add_tail_mb(&new_entry->list, &ccs_domain_keeper_list);
        error = 0;
 out:
        mutex_unlock(&lock);
        ccs_update_counter(CCS_UPDATES_COUNTER_EXCEPTION_POLICY);
        return error;
}

/**
 * ccs_write_domain_keeper_policy - Write "struct ccs_domain_keeper_entry" list.
 *
 * @data:      String to parse.
 * @is_not:    True if it is "no_keep_domain" entry.
 * @is_delete: True if it is a delete request.
 *
 */
int ccs_write_domain_keeper_policy(char *data, const bool is_not,
                                   const bool is_delete)
{
        char *cp = strstr(data, " from ");
        if (cp) {
                *cp = '\0';
                return ccs_update_domain_keeper_entry(cp + 6, data,
                                                      is_not, is_delete);
        }
        return ccs_update_domain_keeper_entry(data, NULL, is_not, is_delete);
}

/**
 * ccs_read_domain_keeper_policy - Read "struct ccs_domain_keeper_entry" list.
 *
 * @head: Pointer to "struct ccs_io_buffer".
 *
 * Returns true on success, false otherwise.
 */
bool ccs_read_domain_keeper_policy(struct ccs_io_buffer *head)
{
        struct list1_head *pos;
        list1_for_each_cookie(pos, head->read_var2, &ccs_domain_keeper_list) {
                struct ccs_domain_keeper_entry *ptr;
                const char *no;
                const char *from = "";
                const char *program = "";
                ptr = list1_entry(pos, struct ccs_domain_keeper_entry, list);
                if (ptr->is_deleted)
                        continue;
                no = ptr->is_not ? "no_" : "";
                if (ptr->program) {
                        from = " from ";
                        program = ptr->program->name;
                }
                if (!ccs_io_printf(head,
                                   "%s" KEYWORD_KEEP_DOMAIN "%s%s%s\n", no,
                                   program, from, ptr->domainname->name))
                        goto out;
        }
        return true;
 out:
        return false;
}

/**
 * ccs_is_domain_keeper - Check whether the given program causes domain transition suppression.
 *
 * @domainname: The name of domain.
 * @program:    The name of program.
 * @last_name:  The last component of @domainname.
 *
 * Returns true if executing @program supresses domain transition,
 * false otherwise.
 */
static bool ccs_is_domain_keeper(const struct ccs_path_info *domainname,
                                 const struct ccs_path_info *program,
                                 const struct ccs_path_info *last_name)
{
        struct ccs_domain_keeper_entry *ptr;
        bool flag = false;
        list1_for_each_entry(ptr, &ccs_domain_keeper_list, list) {
                if (ptr->is_deleted)
                        continue;
                if (!ptr->is_last_name) {
                        if (ptr->domainname != domainname)
                                continue;
                } else {
                        if (ccs_pathcmp(ptr->domainname, last_name))
                                continue;
                }
                if (ptr->program && ccs_pathcmp(ptr->program, program))
                        continue;
                if (ptr->is_not)
                        return false;
                flag = true;
        }
        return flag;
}

/* The list for "struct ccs_alias_entry". */
static LIST1_HEAD(ccs_alias_list);

/**
 * ccs_update_alias_entry - Update "struct ccs_alias_entry" list.
 *
 * @original_name: The original program's real name.
 * @aliased_name:  The symbolic program's symbolic link's name.
 * @is_delete:     True if it is a delete request.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
static int ccs_update_alias_entry(const char *original_name,
                                  const char *aliased_name,
                                  const bool is_delete)
{
        struct ccs_alias_entry *new_entry;
        struct ccs_alias_entry *ptr;
        static DEFINE_MUTEX(lock);
        const struct ccs_path_info *saved_original_name;
        const struct ccs_path_info *saved_aliased_name;
        int error = -ENOMEM;
        if (!ccs_is_correct_path(original_name, 1, -1, -1, __func__) ||
            !ccs_is_correct_path(aliased_name, 1, -1, -1, __func__))
                return -EINVAL; /* No patterns allowed. */
        saved_original_name = ccs_save_name(original_name);
        saved_aliased_name = ccs_save_name(aliased_name);
        if (!saved_original_name || !saved_aliased_name)
                return -ENOMEM;
        mutex_lock(&lock);
        list1_for_each_entry(ptr, &ccs_alias_list, list) {
                if (ptr->original_name != saved_original_name ||
                    ptr->aliased_name != saved_aliased_name)
                        continue;
                ptr->is_deleted = is_delete;
                error = 0;
                goto out;
        }
        if (is_delete) {
                error = -ENOENT;
                goto out;
        }
        new_entry = ccs_alloc_element(sizeof(*new_entry));
        if (!new_entry)
                goto out;
        new_entry->original_name = saved_original_name;
        new_entry->aliased_name = saved_aliased_name;
        list1_add_tail_mb(&new_entry->list, &ccs_alias_list);
        error = 0;
 out:
        mutex_unlock(&lock);
        ccs_update_counter(CCS_UPDATES_COUNTER_EXCEPTION_POLICY);
        return error;
}

/**
 * ccs_read_alias_policy - Read "struct ccs_alias_entry" list.
 *
 * @head: Pointer to "struct ccs_io_buffer".
 *
 * Returns true on success, false otherwise.
 */
bool ccs_read_alias_policy(struct ccs_io_buffer *head)
{
        struct list1_head *pos;
        list1_for_each_cookie(pos, head->read_var2, &ccs_alias_list) {
                struct ccs_alias_entry *ptr;
                ptr = list1_entry(pos, struct ccs_alias_entry, list);
                if (ptr->is_deleted)
                        continue;
                if (!ccs_io_printf(head, KEYWORD_ALIAS "%s %s\n",
                                   ptr->original_name->name,
                                   ptr->aliased_name->name))
                        goto out;
        }
        return true;
 out:
        return false;
}

/**
 * ccs_write_alias_policy - Write "struct ccs_alias_entry" list.
 *
 * @data:      String to parse.
 * @is_delete: True if it is a delete request.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
int ccs_write_alias_policy(char *data, const bool is_delete)
{
        char *cp = strchr(data, ' ');
        if (!cp)
                return -EINVAL;
        *cp++ = '\0';
        return ccs_update_alias_entry(data, cp, is_delete);
}

/* The list for "struct ccs_aggregator_entry". */
static LIST1_HEAD(ccs_aggregator_list);

/**
 * ccs_update_aggregator_entry - Update "struct ccs_aggregator_entry" list.
 *
 * @original_name:   The original program's name.
 * @aggregated_name: The aggregated program's name.
 * @is_delete:       True if it is a delete request.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
static int ccs_update_aggregator_entry(const char *original_name,
                                       const char *aggregated_name,
                                       const bool is_delete)
{
        struct ccs_aggregator_entry *new_entry;
        struct ccs_aggregator_entry *ptr;
        static DEFINE_MUTEX(lock);
        const struct ccs_path_info *saved_original_name;
        const struct ccs_path_info *saved_aggregated_name;
        int error = -ENOMEM;
        if (!ccs_is_correct_path(original_name, 1, 0, -1, __func__) ||
            !ccs_is_correct_path(aggregated_name, 1, -1, -1, __func__))
                return -EINVAL;
        saved_original_name = ccs_save_name(original_name);
        saved_aggregated_name = ccs_save_name(aggregated_name);
        if (!saved_original_name || !saved_aggregated_name)
                return -ENOMEM;
        mutex_lock(&lock);
        list1_for_each_entry(ptr, &ccs_aggregator_list, list) {
                if (ptr->original_name != saved_original_name ||
                    ptr->aggregated_name != saved_aggregated_name)
                        continue;
                ptr->is_deleted = is_delete;
                error = 0;
                goto out;
        }
        if (is_delete) {
                error = -ENOENT;
                goto out;
        }
        new_entry = ccs_alloc_element(sizeof(*new_entry));
        if (!new_entry)
                goto out;
        new_entry->original_name = saved_original_name;
        new_entry->aggregated_name = saved_aggregated_name;
        list1_add_tail_mb(&new_entry->list, &ccs_aggregator_list);
        error = 0;
 out:
        mutex_unlock(&lock);
        ccs_update_counter(CCS_UPDATES_COUNTER_EXCEPTION_POLICY);
        return error;
}

/**
 * ccs_read_aggregator_policy - Read "struct ccs_aggregator_entry" list.
 *
 * @head: Pointer to "struct ccs_io_buffer".
 *
 * Returns true on success, false otherwise.
 */
bool ccs_read_aggregator_policy(struct ccs_io_buffer *head)
{
        struct list1_head *pos;
        list1_for_each_cookie(pos, head->read_var2, &ccs_aggregator_list) {
                struct ccs_aggregator_entry *ptr;
                ptr = list1_entry(pos, struct ccs_aggregator_entry, list);
                if (ptr->is_deleted)
                        continue;
                if (!ccs_io_printf(head, KEYWORD_AGGREGATOR "%s %s\n",
                                   ptr->original_name->name,
                                   ptr->aggregated_name->name))
                        goto out;
        }
        return true;
 out:
        return false;
}

/**
 * ccs_write_aggregator_policy - Write "struct ccs_aggregator_entry" list.
 *
 * @data:      String to parse.
 * @is_delete: True if it is a delete request.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
int ccs_write_aggregator_policy(char *data, const bool is_delete)
{
        char *cp = strchr(data, ' ');
        if (!cp)
                return -EINVAL;
        *cp++ = '\0';
        return ccs_update_aggregator_entry(data, cp, is_delete);
}

/* Domain create/delete/undelete handler. */

/* #define DEBUG_DOMAIN_UNDELETE */

/**
 * ccs_delete_domain - Delete a domain.
 *
 * @domainname: The name of domain.
 *
 * Returns 0.
 */
int ccs_delete_domain(char *domainname)
{
        struct domain_info *domain;
        struct ccs_path_info name;
        name.name = domainname;
        ccs_fill_path_info(&name);
        mutex_lock(&ccs_domain_list_lock);
#ifdef DEBUG_DOMAIN_UNDELETE
        printk(KERN_DEBUG "ccs_delete_domain %s\n", domainname);
        list1_for_each_entry(domain, &ccs_domain_list, list) {
                if (ccs_pathcmp(domain->domainname, &name))
                        continue;
                printk(KERN_DEBUG "List: %p %u\n", domain, domain->is_deleted);
        }
#endif
        /* Is there an active domain? */
        list1_for_each_entry(domain, &ccs_domain_list, list) {
                struct domain_info *domain2;
                /* Never delete KERNEL_DOMAIN */
                if (domain == &KERNEL_DOMAIN)
                        continue;
                if (domain->is_deleted ||
                    ccs_pathcmp(domain->domainname, &name))
                        continue;
                /* Mark already deleted domains as non undeletable. */
                list1_for_each_entry(domain2, &ccs_domain_list, list) {
                        if (!domain2->is_deleted ||
                            ccs_pathcmp(domain2->domainname, &name))
                                continue;
#ifdef DEBUG_DOMAIN_UNDELETE
                        if (domain2->is_deleted != 255)
                                printk(KERN_DEBUG
                                       "Marked %p as non undeletable\n",
                                       domain2);
#endif
                        domain2->is_deleted = 255;
                }
                /* Delete and mark active domain as undeletable. */
                domain->is_deleted = 1;
#ifdef DEBUG_DOMAIN_UNDELETE
                printk(KERN_DEBUG "Marked %p as undeletable\n", domain);
#endif
                break;
        }
        mutex_unlock(&ccs_domain_list_lock);
        return 0;
}

/**
 * ccs_undelete_domain - Undelete a domain.
 *
 * @domainname: The name of domain.
 *
 * Returns pointer to "struct domain_info" on success, NULL otherwise.
 */
struct domain_info *ccs_undelete_domain(const char *domainname)
{
        struct domain_info *domain;
        struct domain_info *candidate_domain = NULL;
        struct ccs_path_info name;
        name.name = domainname;
        ccs_fill_path_info(&name);
        mutex_lock(&ccs_domain_list_lock);
#ifdef DEBUG_DOMAIN_UNDELETE
        printk(KERN_DEBUG "ccs_undelete_domain %s\n", domainname);
        list1_for_each_entry(domain, &ccs_domain_list, list) {
                if (ccs_pathcmp(domain->domainname, &name))
                        continue;
                printk(KERN_DEBUG "List: %p %u\n", domain, domain->is_deleted);
        }
#endif
        list1_for_each_entry(domain, &ccs_domain_list, list) {
                if (ccs_pathcmp(&name, domain->domainname))
                        continue;
                if (!domain->is_deleted) {
                        /* This domain is active. I can't undelete. */
                        candidate_domain = NULL;
#ifdef DEBUG_DOMAIN_UNDELETE
                        printk(KERN_DEBUG "%p is active. I can't undelete.\n",
                               domain);
#endif
                        break;
                }
                /* Is this domain undeletable? */
                if (domain->is_deleted == 1)
                        candidate_domain = domain;
        }
        if (candidate_domain) {
                candidate_domain->is_deleted = 0;
#ifdef DEBUG_DOMAIN_UNDELETE
                printk(KERN_DEBUG "%p was undeleted.\n", candidate_domain);
#endif
        }
        mutex_unlock(&ccs_domain_list_lock);
        return candidate_domain;
}

/**
 * ccs_find_or_assign_new_domain - Create a domain.
 *
 * @domainname: The name of domain.
 * @profile:    Profile number to assign if the domain was newly created.
 *
 * Returns pointer to "struct domain_info" on success, NULL otherwise.
 */
struct domain_info *ccs_find_or_assign_new_domain(const char *domainname,
                                                  const u8 profile)
{
        struct domain_info *domain = NULL;
        const struct ccs_path_info *saved_domainname;
        mutex_lock(&ccs_domain_list_lock);
        domain = ccs_find_domain(domainname);
        if (domain)
                goto out;
        if (!ccs_is_correct_domain(domainname, __func__))
                goto out;
        saved_domainname = ccs_save_name(domainname);
        if (!saved_domainname)
                goto out;
        /* Can I reuse memory of deleted domain? */
        list1_for_each_entry(domain, &ccs_domain_list, list) {
                struct task_struct *p;
                struct ccs_acl_info *ptr;
                bool flag;
                if (!domain->is_deleted ||
                    domain->domainname != saved_domainname)
                        continue;
                flag = false;
                /***** CRITICAL SECTION START *****/
                read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
                for_each_process(p) {
                        if (p->domain_info != domain)
                                continue;
                        flag = true;
                        break;
                }
                read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
                /***** CRITICAL SECTION END *****/
                if (flag)
                        continue;
#ifdef DEBUG_DOMAIN_UNDELETE
                printk(KERN_DEBUG "Reusing %p %s\n", domain,
                       domain->domainname->name);
#endif
                list1_for_each_entry(ptr, &domain->acl_info_list, list) {
                        ptr->type |= ACL_DELETED;
                }
                ccs_set_domain_flag(domain, true, domain->flags);
                domain->profile = profile;
                domain->quota_warned = false;
                mb(); /* Avoid out-of-order execution. */
                domain->is_deleted = 0;
                goto out;
        }
        /* No memory reusable. Create using new memory. */
        domain = ccs_alloc_element(sizeof(*domain));
        if (domain) {
                INIT_LIST1_HEAD(&domain->acl_info_list);
                domain->domainname = saved_domainname;
                domain->profile = profile;
                list1_add_tail_mb(&domain->list, &ccs_domain_list);
        }
 out:
        mutex_unlock(&ccs_domain_list_lock);
        return domain;
}

/**
 * ccs_get_argv0 - Get argv[0].
 *
 * @bprm: Pointer to "struct linux_binprm".
 * @tmp:  Buffer for temporary use.
 *
 * Returns true on success, false otherwise.
 */
static bool ccs_get_argv0(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
                          struct ccs_page_buffer *tmp)
{
        char *arg_ptr = tmp->buffer;
        int arg_len = 0;
        unsigned long pos = bprm->p;
        int i = pos / PAGE_SIZE;
        int offset = pos % PAGE_SIZE;
        bool done = false;
        if (!bprm->argc)
                goto out;
        while (1) {
                struct page *page;
                const char *kaddr;
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 23) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
                if (get_user_pages(current, bprm->mm, pos, 1, 0, 1, &page,
                                   NULL) <= 0)
                        goto out;
                pos += PAGE_SIZE - offset;
#else
                page = bprm->page[i];
#endif
                /* Map. */
                kaddr = kmap(page);
                if (!kaddr) { /* Mapping failed. */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 23) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
                        put_page(page);
#endif
                        goto out;
                }
                /* Read. */
                while (offset < PAGE_SIZE) {
                        const unsigned char c = kaddr[offset++];
                        if (c && arg_len < CCS_MAX_PATHNAME_LEN - 10) {
                                if (c == '\\') {
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = '\\';
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = '\\';
                                } else if (c == '/') {
                                        arg_len = 0;
                                } else if (c > ' ' && c < 127) {
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = c;
                                } else {
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = '\\';
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = (c >> 6) + '0';
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++]
                                                = ((c >> 3) & 7) + '0';
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = (c & 7) + '0';
                                }
                        } else {
                                arg_ptr[arg_len] = '\0';
                                done = true;
                                break;
                        }
                }
                /* Unmap. */
                kunmap(page);
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 23) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
                put_page(page);
#endif
                i++;
                offset = 0;
                if (done)
                        break;
        }
        return true;
 out:
        return false;
}

/**
 * ccs_find_next_domain - Find a domain.
 *
 * @r:       Pointer to "struct ccs_request_info".
 * @handler: Pathname to verify. May be NULL.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
static int ccs_find_next_domain(struct ccs_request_info *r,
                                const struct ccs_path_info *handler)
{
        /*
         * This function assumes that the size of buffer returned by
         * ccs_realpath() = CCS_MAX_PATHNAME_LEN.
         */
        struct domain_info *domain = NULL;
        const char *old_domain_name = r->domain->domainname->name;
        struct linux_binprm *bprm = r->bprm;
        struct ccs_page_buffer *tmp = r->obj->tmp;
        const char *original_name = bprm->filename;
        const u8 mode = r->mode;
        const bool is_enforce = (mode == 3);
        const u32 tomoyo_flags = current->tomoyo_flags;
        char *new_domain_name = NULL;
        char *real_program_name = NULL;
        char *symlink_program_name = NULL;
        struct ccs_path_info rn; /* real name */
        struct ccs_path_info sn; /* symlink name */
        struct ccs_path_info ln; /* last name */
        int retval;

        {
                /*
                 * Built-in initializers. This is needed because policies are
                 * not loaded until starting /sbin/init.
                 */
                static bool first = true;
                if (first) {
                        ccs_update_domain_initializer_entry(NULL,
                                                            "/sbin/hotplug",
                                                            false, false);
                        ccs_update_domain_initializer_entry(NULL,
                                                            "/sbin/modprobe",
                                                            false, false);
                        first = false;
                }
        }

 retry:
        current->tomoyo_flags = tomoyo_flags;
        r->cond = NULL;
        /* Get ccs_realpath of program. */
        retval = -ENOENT; /* I hope ccs_realpath() won't fail with -ENOMEM. */
        ccs_free(real_program_name);
        real_program_name = ccs_realpath(original_name);
        if (!real_program_name)
                goto out;
        /* Get ccs_realpath of symbolic link. */
        ccs_free(symlink_program_name);
        symlink_program_name = ccs_realpath_nofollow(original_name);
        if (!symlink_program_name)
                goto out;

        rn.name = real_program_name;
        ccs_fill_path_info(&rn);
        sn.name = symlink_program_name;
        ccs_fill_path_info(&sn);
        ln.name = ccs_get_last_name(r->domain);
        ccs_fill_path_info(&ln);

        if (handler) {
                if (ccs_pathcmp(&rn, handler)) {
                        /* Failed to verify execute handler. */
                        static u8 counter = 20;
                        if (counter) {
                                counter--;
                                printk(KERN_WARNING "Failed to verify: %s\n",
                                       handler->name);
                        }
                        goto out;
                }
                goto calculate_domain;
        }

        /* Check 'alias' directive. */
        if (ccs_pathcmp(&rn, &sn)) {
                struct ccs_alias_entry *ptr;
                /* Is this program allowed to be called via symbolic links? */
                list1_for_each_entry(ptr, &ccs_alias_list, list) {
                        if (ptr->is_deleted ||
                            ccs_pathcmp(&rn, ptr->original_name) ||
                            ccs_pathcmp(&sn, ptr->aliased_name))
                                continue;
                        memset(real_program_name, 0, CCS_MAX_PATHNAME_LEN);
                        strncpy(real_program_name, ptr->aliased_name->name,
                                CCS_MAX_PATHNAME_LEN - 1);
                        ccs_fill_path_info(&rn);
                        break;
                }
        }

        /* Compare basename of real_program_name and argv[0] */
        r->mode = ccs_check_flags(r->domain, CCS_TOMOYO_MAC_FOR_ARGV0);
        if (bprm->argc > 0 && r->mode) {
                char *base_argv0 = tmp->buffer;
                const char *base_filename;
                retval = -ENOMEM;
                if (!ccs_get_argv0(bprm, tmp))
                        goto out;
                base_filename = strrchr(real_program_name, '/');
                if (!base_filename)
                        base_filename = real_program_name;
                else
                        base_filename++;
                if (strcmp(base_argv0, base_filename)) {
                        retval = ccs_check_argv0_perm(r, &rn, base_argv0);
                        if (retval == 1)
                                goto retry;
                        if (retval < 0)
                                goto out;
                }
        }

        /* Check 'aggregator' directive. */
        {
                struct ccs_aggregator_entry *ptr;
                /* Is this program allowed to be aggregated? */
                list1_for_each_entry(ptr, &ccs_aggregator_list, list) {
                        if (ptr->is_deleted ||
                            !ccs_path_matches_pattern(&rn, ptr->original_name))
                                continue;
                        memset(real_program_name, 0, CCS_MAX_PATHNAME_LEN);
                        strncpy(real_program_name, ptr->aggregated_name->name,
                                CCS_MAX_PATHNAME_LEN - 1);
                        ccs_fill_path_info(&rn);
                        break;
                }
        }

        /* Check execute permission. */
        r->mode = mode;
        retval = ccs_check_exec_perm(r, &rn);
        if (retval == 1)
                goto retry;
        if (retval < 0)
                goto out;

 calculate_domain:
        new_domain_name = tmp->buffer;
        if (ccs_is_domain_initializer(r->domain->domainname, &rn, &ln)) {
                /* Transit to the child of KERNEL_DOMAIN domain. */
                snprintf(new_domain_name, CCS_MAX_PATHNAME_LEN + 1,
                         ROOT_NAME " " "%s", real_program_name);
        } else if (r->domain == &KERNEL_DOMAIN && !ccs_sbin_init_started) {
                /*
                 * Needn't to transit from kernel domain before starting
                 * /sbin/init. But transit from kernel domain if executing
                 * initializers because they might start before /sbin/init.
                 */
                domain = r->domain;
        } else if (ccs_is_domain_keeper(r->domain->domainname, &rn, &ln)) {
                /* Keep current domain. */
                domain = r->domain;
        } else {
                /* Normal domain transition. */
                snprintf(new_domain_name, CCS_MAX_PATHNAME_LEN + 1,
                         "%s %s", old_domain_name, real_program_name);
        }
        if (domain || strlen(new_domain_name) >= CCS_MAX_PATHNAME_LEN)
                goto done;
        domain = ccs_find_domain(new_domain_name);
        if (domain)
                goto done;
        if (is_enforce) {
                int error = ccs_check_supervisor(r,
                                                 "# wants to create domain\n"
                                                 "%s\n", new_domain_name);
                if (error == 1)
                        goto retry;
                if (error < 0)
                        goto done;
        }
        domain = ccs_find_or_assign_new_domain(new_domain_name, r->profile);
        if (domain)
                ccs_audit_domain_creation_log(domain);
 done:
        if (!domain) {
                printk(KERN_WARNING "TOMOYO-ERROR: Domain '%s' not defined.\n",
                       new_domain_name);
                if (is_enforce)
                        retval = -EPERM;
                else {
                        retval = 0;
                        ccs_set_domain_flag(r->domain, false,
                                            DOMAIN_FLAGS_TRANSITION_FAILED);
                }
        } else {
                retval = 0;
        }
 out:
        ccs_free(real_program_name);
        ccs_free(symlink_program_name);
        if (domain)
                r->domain = domain;
        return retval;
}

/**
 * ccs_check_environ - Check permission for environment variable names.
 *
 * @r: Pointer to "struct ccs_request_info".
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
static int ccs_check_environ(struct ccs_request_info *r)
{
        struct linux_binprm *bprm = r->bprm;
        struct ccs_page_buffer *tmp = r->obj->tmp;
        char *arg_ptr = tmp->buffer;
        int arg_len = 0;
        unsigned long pos = bprm->p;
        int i = pos / PAGE_SIZE;
        int offset = pos % PAGE_SIZE;
        int argv_count = bprm->argc;
        int envp_count = bprm->envc;
        /* printk(KERN_DEBUG "start %d %d\n", argv_count, envp_count); */
        int error = -ENOMEM;
        if (!r->mode || !envp_count)
                return 0;
        while (error == -ENOMEM) {
                struct page *page;
                const char *kaddr;
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 23) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
                if (get_user_pages(current, bprm->mm, pos, 1, 0, 1, &page,
                                   NULL) <= 0)
                        goto out;
                pos += PAGE_SIZE - offset;
#else
                page = bprm->page[i];
#endif
                /* Map. */
                kaddr = kmap(page);
                if (!kaddr) { /* Mapping failed. */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 23) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
                        put_page(page);
#endif
                        goto out;
                }
                /* Read. */
                while (argv_count && offset < PAGE_SIZE) {
                        if (!kaddr[offset++])
                                argv_count--;
                }
                if (argv_count)
                        goto unmap_page;
                while (offset < PAGE_SIZE) {
                        const unsigned char c = kaddr[offset++];
                        if (c && arg_len < CCS_MAX_PATHNAME_LEN - 10) {
                                if (c == '=') {
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = '\0';
                                } else if (c == '\\') {
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = '\\';
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = '\\';
                                } else if (c > ' ' && c < 127) {
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = c;
                                } else {
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = '\\';
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = (c >> 6) + '0';
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++]
                                                = ((c >> 3) & 7) + '0';
                                        arg_ptr[arg_len++] = (c & 7) + '0';
                                }
                        } else {
                                arg_ptr[arg_len] = '\0';
                        }
                        if (c)
                                continue;
                        if (ccs_check_env_perm(r, arg_ptr)) {
                                error = -EPERM;
                                break;
                        }
                        if (!--envp_count) {
                                error = 0;
                                break;
                        }
                        arg_len = 0;
                }
unmap_page:
                /* Unmap. */
                kunmap(page);
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 23) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
                put_page(page);
#endif
                i++;
                offset = 0;
        }
 out:
        if (r->mode != 3)
                error = 0;
        return error;
}

/**
 * ccs_unescape - Unescape escaped string.
 *
 * @dest: String to ccs_unescape.
 *
 * Returns nothing.
 */
static void ccs_unescape(unsigned char *dest)
{
        unsigned char *src = dest;
        unsigned char c;
        unsigned char d;
        unsigned char e;
        while (1) {
                c = *src++;
                if (!c)
                        break;
                if (c != '\\') {
                        *dest++ = c;
                        continue;
                }
                c = *src++;
                if (c == '\\') {
                        *dest++ = c;
                        continue;
                }
                if (c < '0' || c > '3')
                        break;
                d = *src++;
                if (d < '0' || d > '7')
                        break;
                e = *src++;
                if (e < '0' || e > '7')
                        break;
                *dest++ = ((c - '0') << 6) + ((d - '0') << 3) + (e - '0');
        }
        *dest = '\0';
}

/**
 * ccs_root_depth - Get number of directories to strip.
 *
 * @dentry: Pointer to "struct dentry".
 * @vfsmnt: Pointer to "struct vfsmount".
 *
 * Returns number of directories to strip.
 */
static inline int ccs_root_depth(struct dentry *dentry, struct vfsmount *vfsmnt)
{
        int depth = 0;
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION START *****/
        ccs_realpath_lock();
        for (;;) {
                if (dentry == vfsmnt->mnt_root || IS_ROOT(dentry)) {
                        /* Global root? */
                        if (vfsmnt->mnt_parent == vfsmnt)
                                break;
                        dentry = vfsmnt->mnt_mountpoint;
                        vfsmnt = vfsmnt->mnt_parent;
                        continue;
                }
                dentry = dentry->d_parent;
                depth++;
        }
        ccs_realpath_unlock();
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION END *****/
        return depth;
}

/**
 * ccs_get_root_depth - return the depth of root directory.
 *
 * Returns number of directories to strip.
 */
static int ccs_get_root_depth(void)
{
        int depth;
        struct dentry *dentry;
        struct vfsmount *vfsmnt;
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 25)
        struct path root;
#endif
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION START *****/
        read_lock(&current->fs->lock);
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 25)
        root = current->fs->root;
        path_get(&current->fs->root);
        dentry = root.dentry;
        vfsmnt = root.mnt;
#else
        dentry = dget(current->fs->root);
        vfsmnt = mntget(current->fs->rootmnt);
#endif
        read_unlock(&current->fs->lock);
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION END *****/
        depth = ccs_root_depth(dentry, vfsmnt);
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 25)
        path_put(&root);
#else
        dput(dentry);
        mntput(vfsmnt);
#endif
        return depth;
}

/**
 * ccs_try_alt_exec - Try to start execute handler.
 *
 * @r:           Pointer to "struct ccs_request_info".
 * @handler:     Pointer to the name of execute handler.
 * @eh_path:     Pointer to pointer to the name of execute handler.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
 */
static int ccs_try_alt_exec(struct ccs_request_info *r,
                            const struct ccs_path_info *handler, char **eh_path)
{
        /*
         * Contents of modified bprm.
         * The envp[] in original bprm is moved to argv[] so that
         * the alternatively executed program won't be affected by
         * some dangerous environment variables like LD_PRELOAD.
         *
         * modified bprm->argc
         *    = original bprm->argc + original bprm->envc + 7
         * modified bprm->envc
         *    = 0
         *
         * modified bprm->argv[0]
         *    = the program's name specified by execute_handler
         * modified bprm->argv[1]
         *    = current->domain_info->domainname->name
         * modified bprm->argv[2]
         *    = the current process's name
         * modified bprm->argv[3]
         *    = the current process's information (e.g. uid/gid).
         * modified bprm->argv[4]
         *    = original bprm->filename
         * modified bprm->argv[5]
         *    = original bprm->argc in string expression
         * modified bprm->argv[6]
         *    = original bprm->envc in string expression
         * modified bprm->argv[7]
         *    = original bprm->argv[0]
         *  ...
         * modified bprm->argv[bprm->argc + 6]
         *     = original bprm->argv[bprm->argc - 1]
         * modified bprm->argv[bprm->argc + 7]
         *     = original bprm->envp[0]
         *  ...
         * modified bprm->argv[bprm->envc + bprm->argc + 6]
         *     = original bprm->envp[bprm->envc - 1]
         */
        struct linux_binprm *bprm = r->bprm;
        struct file *filp;
        int retval;
        const int original_argc = bprm->argc;
        const int original_envc = bprm->envc;
        struct task_struct *task = current;
        char *buffer = r->obj->tmp->buffer;
        /* Allocate memory for execute handler's pathname. */
        char *execute_handler = ccs_alloc(sizeof(struct ccs_page_buffer),
                                          false);
        *eh_path = execute_handler;
        if (!execute_handler)
                return -ENOMEM;
        strncpy(execute_handler, handler->name,
                sizeof(struct ccs_page_buffer) - 1);
        ccs_unescape(execute_handler);

        /* Close the requested program's dentry. */
        allow_write_access(bprm->file);
        fput(bprm->file);
        bprm->file = NULL;

        { /* Adjust root directory for open_exec(). */
                int depth = ccs_get_root_depth();
                char *cp = execute_handler;
                if (!*cp || *cp != '/')
                        return -ENOENT;
                while (depth) {
                        cp = strchr(cp + 1, '/');
                        if (!cp)
                                return -ENOENT;
                        depth--;
                }
                memmove(execute_handler, cp, strlen(cp) + 1);
        }

        /* Move envp[] to argv[] */
        bprm->argc += bprm->envc;
        bprm->envc = 0;

        /* Set argv[6] */
        {
                snprintf(buffer, sizeof(struct ccs_page_buffer) - 1, "%d",
                         original_envc);
                retval = copy_strings_kernel(1, &buffer, bprm);
                if (retval < 0)
                        goto out;
                bprm->argc++;
        }

        /* Set argv[5] */
        {
                snprintf(buffer, sizeof(struct ccs_page_buffer) - 1, "%d",
                         original_argc);
                retval = copy_strings_kernel(1, &buffer, bprm);
                if (retval < 0)
                        goto out;
                bprm->argc++;
        }

        /* Set argv[4] */
        {
                retval = copy_strings_kernel(1, &bprm->filename, bprm);
                if (retval < 0)
                        goto out;
                bprm->argc++;
        }

        /* Set argv[3] */
        {
                const u32 tomoyo_flags = task->tomoyo_flags;
                snprintf(buffer, sizeof(struct ccs_page_buffer) - 1,
                         "pid=%d uid=%d gid=%d euid=%d egid=%d suid=%d "
                         "sgid=%d fsuid=%d fsgid=%d state[0]=%u "
                         "state[1]=%u state[2]=%u",
                         (pid_t) sys_getpid(), current_uid(), current_gid(),
                         current_euid(), current_egid(), current_suid(),
                         current_sgid(), current_fsuid(), current_fsgid(),
                         (u8) (tomoyo_flags >> 24), (u8) (tomoyo_flags >> 16),
                         (u8) (tomoyo_flags >> 8));
                retval = copy_strings_kernel(1, &buffer, bprm);
                if (retval < 0)
                        goto out;
                bprm->argc++;
        }

        /* Set argv[2] */
        {
                char *exe = (char *) ccs_get_exe();
                if (exe) {
                        retval = copy_strings_kernel(1, &exe, bprm);
                        ccs_free(exe);
                } else {
                        snprintf(buffer, sizeof(struct ccs_page_buffer) - 1,
                                 "<unknown>");
                        retval = copy_strings_kernel(1, &buffer, bprm);
                }
                if (retval < 0)
                        goto out;
                bprm->argc++;
        }

        /* Set argv[1] */
        {
                strncpy(buffer, task->domain_info->domainname->name,
                        sizeof(struct ccs_page_buffer) - 1);
                retval = copy_strings_kernel(1, &buffer, bprm);
                if (retval < 0)
                        goto out;
                bprm->argc++;
        }

        /* Set argv[0] */
        {
                retval = copy_strings_kernel(1, &execute_handler, bprm);
                if (retval < 0)
                        goto out;
                bprm->argc++;
        }
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 23)
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE <= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 24)
        bprm->argv_len = bprm->exec - bprm->p;
#endif
#endif

        /* OK, now restart the process with execute handler program's dentry. */
        filp = open_exec(execute_handler);
        if (IS_ERR(filp)) {
                retval = PTR_ERR(filp);
                goto out;
        }
        bprm->file = filp;
        bprm->filename = execute_handler;
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 5, 0)
        bprm->interp = execute_handler;
#endif
        retval = prepare_binprm(bprm);
        if (retval < 0)
                goto out;
        task->tomoyo_flags |= CCS_DONT_SLEEP_ON_ENFORCE_ERROR;
        retval = ccs_find_next_domain(r, handler);
        task->tomoyo_flags &= ~CCS_DONT_SLEEP_ON_ENFORCE_ERROR;
 out:
        return retval;
}

/**
 * ccs_find_execute_handler - Find an execute handler.
 *
 * @type: Type of execute handler.
 *
 * Returns pointer to "struct ccs_path_info" if found, NULL otherwise.
 */
static const struct ccs_path_info *ccs_find_execute_handler(const u8 type)
{
        struct task_struct *task = current;
        const struct domain_info *domain = task->domain_info;
        struct ccs_acl_info *ptr;
        /*
         * Don't use execute handler if the current process is
         * marked as execute handler to avoid infinite execute handler loop.
         */
        if (task->tomoyo_flags & TOMOYO_TASK_IS_EXECUTE_HANDLER)
                return NULL;
        list1_for_each_entry(ptr, &domain->acl_info_list, list) {
                struct ccs_execute_handler_record *acl;
                if (ptr->type != type)
                        continue;
                acl = container_of(ptr, struct ccs_execute_handler_record,
                                   head);
                return acl->handler;
        }
        return NULL;
}

/* List of next_domain which is used for checking interpreter's permissions. */
struct ccs_execve_entry {
        struct list_head list;
        struct task_struct *task;
        struct domain_info *next_domain;
};

static LIST_HEAD(ccs_execve_list);
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ccs_execve_list_lock);

/**
 * ccs_register_next_domain - Remember next_domain.
 *
 * @next_domain: Pointer to "struct domain_info".
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -ENOMEM otherwise.
 */
static int ccs_register_next_domain(struct domain_info *next_domain)
{
        struct ccs_execve_entry *ee = kmalloc(sizeof(*ee), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!ee)
                return -ENOMEM;
        ee->task = current;
        ee->next_domain = next_domain;
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION START *****/
        spin_lock(&ccs_execve_list_lock);
        list_add(&ee->list, &ccs_execve_list);
        spin_unlock(&ccs_execve_list_lock);
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION END *****/
        return 0;
}

/**
 * ccs_fetch_next_domain - Fetch next_domain from the list.
 *
 * Returns pointer to "struct domain_info" which will be used if execve()
 * succeeds. This function does not return NULL.
 */
struct domain_info *ccs_fetch_next_domain(void)
{
        struct task_struct *task = current;
        struct domain_info *next_domain = task->domain_info;
        struct ccs_execve_entry *p;
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION START *****/
        spin_lock(&ccs_execve_list_lock);
        list_for_each_entry(p, &ccs_execve_list, list) {
                if (p->task != task)
                        continue;
                next_domain = p->next_domain;
                break;
        }
        spin_unlock(&ccs_execve_list_lock);
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION END *****/
        return next_domain;
}

/**
 * ccs_unregister_next_domain - Forget next_domain.
 */
static void ccs_unregister_next_domain(void)
{
        struct task_struct *task = current;
        struct ccs_execve_entry *p;
        struct ccs_execve_entry *ee = NULL;
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION START *****/
        spin_lock(&ccs_execve_list_lock);
        list_for_each_entry(p, &ccs_execve_list, list) {
                if (p->task != task)
                        continue;
                list_del(&p->list);
                ee = p;
                break;
        }
        spin_unlock(&ccs_execve_list_lock);
        /***** CRITICAL SECTION END *****/
        kfree(ee);
}

/**
 * search_binary_handler_with_transition - Perform domain transition.
 *
 * @bprm: Pointer to "struct linux_binprm".
 * @regs: Pointer to "struct pt_regs".
 *
 * Returns result of search_binary_handler() on success,
 * negative value otherwise.
 */
int search_binary_handler_with_transition(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
                                          struct pt_regs *regs)
{
        int retval;
        struct task_struct *task = current;
        const struct ccs_path_info *handler;
        struct ccs_request_info r;
        struct ccs_obj_info obj;
        /*
         * "eh_path" holds path to execute handler program.
         * Thus, keep valid until search_binary_handler() finishes.
         */
        char *eh_path = NULL;
        struct ccs_page_buffer *tmp = ccs_alloc(sizeof(struct ccs_page_buffer),
                                                false);
        memset(&obj, 0, sizeof(obj));
        if (!ccs_sbin_init_started)
                ccs_load_policy(bprm->filename);
        if (!tmp)
                return -ENOMEM;

        ccs_init_request_info(&r, NULL, CCS_TOMOYO_MAC_FOR_FILE);
        r.bprm = bprm;
        r.obj = &obj;
        obj.path1_dentry = bprm->file->f_dentry;
        obj.path1_vfsmnt = bprm->file->f_vfsmnt;
        obj.tmp = tmp;

        /* Clear manager flag. */
        task->tomoyo_flags &= ~CCS_TASK_IS_POLICY_MANAGER;
        handler = ccs_find_execute_handler(TYPE_EXECUTE_HANDLER);
        if (handler) {
                retval = ccs_try_alt_exec(&r, handler, &eh_path);
                if (!retval)
                        ccs_audit_execute_handler_log(true, handler->name,
                                                      bprm);
                goto ok;
        }
        retval = ccs_find_next_domain(&r, NULL);
        if (retval != -EPERM)
                goto ok;
        handler = ccs_find_execute_handler(TYPE_DENIED_EXECUTE_HANDLER);
        if (handler) {
                retval = ccs_try_alt_exec(&r, handler, &eh_path);
                if (!retval)
                        ccs_audit_execute_handler_log(false, handler->name,
                                                      bprm);
        }
 ok:
        if (retval < 0)
                goto out;
        r.mode = ccs_check_flags(r.domain, CCS_TOMOYO_MAC_FOR_ENV);
        retval = ccs_check_environ(&r);
        if (retval < 0)
                goto out;
        retval = ccs_register_next_domain(r.domain);
        if (retval < 0)
                goto out;
        task->tomoyo_flags |= TOMOYO_CHECK_READ_FOR_OPEN_EXEC;
        retval = search_binary_handler(bprm, regs);
        task->tomoyo_flags &= ~TOMOYO_CHECK_READ_FOR_OPEN_EXEC;
        if (retval < 0)
                goto out;
        /* Proceed to next domain if execution suceeded. */
        task->domain_info = r.domain;
        mb(); /* Make domain transition visible to other CPUs. */
        /* Mark the current process as execute handler. */
        if (handler)
                task->tomoyo_flags |= TOMOYO_TASK_IS_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
        /* Mark the current process as normal process. */
        else
                task->tomoyo_flags &= ~TOMOYO_TASK_IS_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
 out:
        ccs_unregister_next_domain();
        ccs_free(eh_path);
        ccs_free(tmp);
        return retval;
}

#else

/**
 * search_binary_handler_with_transition - Wrapper for search_binary_handler().
 *
 * @bprm: Pointer to "struct linux_binprm".
 * @regs: Pointer to "struct pt_regs".
 *
 * Returns the result of search_binary_handler().
 */
int search_binary_handler_with_transition(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
                                          struct pt_regs *regs)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SAKURA
        /* Clear manager flag. */
        current->tomoyo_flags &= ~CCS_TASK_IS_POLICY_MANAGER;
        ccs_load_policy(bprm->filename);
#endif
        return search_binary_handler(bprm, regs);
}

#endif